台中-孔廟Taichung-Confucius Temple

地址Address:台中市北區雙十路二段30號No. 30, Section 2, Shuangshi Road, North District, Taichung City

開放時間Opening hours:AM9:00~PM17:00(禮拜一公休) (Closed on Mondays)

電話Phone:04 2233 2264

相較於台南孔廟,台中市孔廟少了歷史古蹟的加成,但是,其建築樣式卻是台灣少見的中國北方建築。

Compared with Tainan Confucius Temple, Taichung City Confucian Temple is not a historical monument, but its architectural style is rare in Taiwan.

園區的配置是模仿山東曲阜孔廟,可能礙於場地限制,規模縮小許多,不過,相較於台灣各地的孔廟,台中孔廟是相當完整的孔廟建築。

The layout of the park is to imitate the Confucian Temple in Qufu, Shandong. Due to site restrictions, the scale has been reduced a lot. However, compared with Confucian temples in various places in Taiwan, Taichung Confucian Temple is quite a complete Confucian temple building.

櫺星門為古代祭壇、學宮、文廟重要的大門,民間將欞星比喻是天上的文曲星,孔子的博學多聞正是文曲星的代表。櫺星門平時是關閉的,只有祭祀時才開啟,平時可由兩側的金聲、玉振門進出。

lingxing Gate is an important gate of ancient altars, academic palaces, and Confucian Temples. Folks have compared lingxing to the stars of Wenqu in the sky. Confucius’ erudition is the representative of Wenqu stars. The gate of the star star is usually closed, and it is only opened for Worship. It is usually accessible by the Jinsheng and Yuzhen gates on both sides at weekday .

進入櫺星門有座池塘「泮池」以它的形狀取名,為文廟特有建築,池塘上建有泮橋。古代學生入學時,都需進行「入泮」的入學儀式。

There is a pond when you enter the lingxing Gate. The “a pool" is named after its Half moon shape. It is a unique structure of the Confucian Temple. There is a Bridge on the pond. When ancient students enrolled, they all had to go through the entrance ceremony of " Admission".

通過半月池通往大成門前的甬ㄩㄥˇ道,甬道是指有有頂棚的通道,雖然說這裡的甬道沒有頂棚,但隨著歲月的累積,周遭的老樹似乎已自動的幫廊道搭出天然的頂棚。

Passing through a pool, the corridor leading to great perfection gate. The corridor refers to a covered passage. Although the corridor here has no roof, as the years accumulate, the surrounding old trees seem to have automatically helped the corridor. A natural ceiling.

甬道的左右兩側,分別擺設了燎亭、瘞(ㄧˋ)所。燎亭為長方古鼎狀,用來燃燒帛以及祝文。瘞所為八角型,將毛血埋藏於土中,具有滋養土地之意。台中孔廟是全台少數有燎亭及瘞所的孔廟之一。

On the left and right sides of the corridor, there are the fire pavilion and sacrificial basin. The fire pavilion is a rectangular ancient tripod shape, used to burn silk and Blessing card. The sacrificial basin is an octagonal shape, burying the blood in the soil, which has the meaning of nourishing the earth. The Taichung Confucian Temple is one of the few Confucian Temples in Taiwan that has a the fire pavilion and a sacrificial basin.

燎亭與瘗所旁各有一道門,分別為觀德門與毓粹門。在古時候只有皇帝跟考上狀元的人才能從櫺星門進入,ㄧ般人拜訪只能從側門進入。毓粹門為北方歇山式建築樣式,屋頂搭配青色琉璃瓦,別有特色。

There are two gates beside the fire pavilion and sacrificial basin, namely the perceiving virtue gate and Yu tsui gate. In ancient times, only the emperor and were admitted to the champion could enter through the Lingxing Gate, and ordinary people could only enter through the side door. The Yu tsui Gate is a Northern style building , and the roof is matched with blue glazed tiles, which is unique.

觀德門在入口處則多設置了一個洗手台,方便遊客於入門前整理儀容,有一種慎重的涵義。

At the entrance of perceiving virtue gate, there is an additional washstand to facilitate visitors to tidy up their appearance before entering, which has a prudent meaning.

大成門為五開間形式建築,橫樑仿宋朝彩繪,不同一般廟的,孔廟的大門附有門釘,只有受封王的神祇才能使用。

Great perfection Gate is a five-door building with beams imitating Song Dynasty color paintings. Unlike ordinary temples, the gate of the Confucian Temple is equipped with door nails, which can only be used by the God appointed by the king.

大成門內的晉鼓及鏞鐘,為祭孔典禮時使用之樂器。兩相對應,有暮鼓晨鐘之意。

The Shanxi drum and a large bell in Great perfection Gate are musical instruments used in the ceremony of worshiping Confucius. The two correspond to each other, meaning twilight and dawn.

東廡、西廡是孔廟的專有名稱,供奉歷代先儒與先賢,孔廟雖以宣揚儒學為主,對其他學說卻兼容並蓄,故以先儒先賢陪祀。

Eastern gallery and western gallery are the proper names of Confucian temples, which are dedicated to the ancestors and sages of the past dynasties. Although the Confucian temple mainly promotes Confucianism, it is inclusive of other theories, so the ancestors and sages accompany worship.

宋朝建築襲承唐朝,建築樣式,宋朝捨棄了唐代雄偉的特點,大木作外更專研精細的小木作,建築風格逐漸變得纖巧秀麗、華麗繁細。油漆大量的使用,讓屋頂、樑柱添增了很多變化。

The architecture of the Song Dynasty inherited the architectural style of the Tang Dynasty. The Song Dynasty abandoned the majestic characteristics of the Tang Dynasty. In addition to the large wooden works, it specialized in fine small wooden works, and the architectural style gradually became slender, beautiful, and gorgeous. The extensive use of paint has added many changes to the roof, beams and columns.

在從前,教育是貴族子弟專有權利,孔子設立學校,開門招生,打破了這一格局,「有教無類」的思想,對中國的教育有著深遠的影響,這也是為何人們會如此敬重孔子的原因。

In the past, education was the exclusive right of the children of the nobility. Confucius set up schools and opened the door to recruit students, breaking this pattern. The idea of " education for everyone, irrespective of background" has a profound influence on Chinese education. This is why people respect Confucius so much.

同是廟宇,孔廟與民間的廟宇不大相同,一般廟宇給予人的是心靈上的寄託,孔廟對人們生活教育上確有淺移默化的意義,且影響深遠。

The temples are the same. Confucian temples are not the same as folk temples. Generally, temples give people spiritual sustenance. Confucian temples have a subtle and profound impact on people’s life and education.

滿滿的祈願卡,是許多學子的期望。由於隔壁就是台中一中,許多家長認為距離更近應該更能受到保佑,口耳相傳下,成了考前必拜的名廟。END

The full prayer cards are the expectations of many students. Since the next door is Taichung No. 1 High School, many parents think that closer distance should be more blessed. Passed down word of mouth, it has become a famous temple that must be visited before the exam. END

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